Extravasation GuideTissue injury risk of antineoplastic extravasation

Carmustine

Carmustina

Risk class Guidelines differ

  • Irritant with vesicant propertiesref. ONS/ASCO 2025
  • Irritantref. ESMO-EONS 2012

If it extravasates

Compress

  • Cold
References

Risk class: Irritant with vesicant propertiesONS/ASCO 2025 (Table 1, p. 385)

Risk class: IrritantESMO-EONS 2012 (Table 1, p. vii167)

Compress: coldONS/ASCO 2025 (text, p. 390); ESMO-EONS 2012 (Fig. 1, p. vii170)

Not classified in: JSCN/JSMO/JASPO 2024

Details by guideline

Risk class in extravasation

  • ONS/ASCO 2025Irritant with vesicant properties
    Alkylating agents
    Table 1, p. 385
  • ESMO-EONS 2012Irritant
    Irritants › Alkylating agents
    Table 1, p. vii167

Not classified in: JSCN/JSMO/JASPO 2024

Compress

  • ONS/ASCO 2025Cold compress
    Strength/level: Conditional; very lowAlkylating agents per ONS/ASCO Table 1; oxaliplatin excluded because the same guideline indicates a warm compressalkylating agents, anthracyclines, and antimetabolites
    text, p. 390
  • ESMO-EONS 2012Cold compress
    "Localize and neutralize"Anthracyclines; Antibiotics (Mitomycin / Dactinomycin); Alkylating agents
    Figure 1, p. vii170
Brand names (ANVISA, Brazil) · DCB (Brazil)

DCB (Brazil)carmustina (nº 1781)

Brand names (ANVISA, Brazil)NIBISNU

General recommendations of the guidelines

  • ONS/ASCO 2025Recommendation 1 · Strong; very low

    Use antidotes, when one exists, for vesicants and irritants with vesicant properties, rather than no antidote.

    Table 3, p. 388
  • ONS/ASCO 2025Recommendation 3 · Conditional; very low

    Thermal compress (cold or warm depending on the agent) rather than no compress.

    Table 3, p. 388
  • ONS/ASCO 2025Recommendation 4 · Conditional; very low

    Compress for more than 24 hours rather than 24 hours or less.

    Table 3, p. 388
  • ONS/ASCO 2025Recommendation 5 · Conditional; very low

    Central line extravasation: surgical referral or escalation of care in addition to conservative management.

    Table 3, p. 388
  • JSCN/JSMO/JASPO 2024CQ10a · Recommend (weak)

    Cold compression (weak recommendation).

    Table 1, CQ10a
  • JSCN/JSMO/JASPO 2024CQ10b · Not recommend (weak); D

    Non-use of warm compresses (weak recommendation).

    Table 1, CQ10b

Irritants with vesicant properties

BendamustineCabazitaxelCarboplatinCisplatinDocetaxelEtoposideMitoxantroneOxaliplatinPaclitaxelPaclitaxel (albumin-bound)

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